Economic Article: The Foods and Beverages Merchants in Jabodetabek Lost Their Income Until Rp 200 billion

Bad weather that hit several regions in Indonesia is large enough to impact the food and beverage industry in this country. For only the Jabodetabek area, the floods predicted suppress the turnover to 25 percent.

Chairman of the Food and Beverage Association of Indonesia (Gapmmi) Adhi Lukman explained, a decrease of revenue is due to the difficulty of the distribution of products from the factory to the market because of the flooding block. Thus, it spreads on the decline in consumption.

As an overall result, Adhi estimated the food and beverage industry in Jabodetabek lost the income until Rp 200 billion per day. “In the normal situation, the income in each day for this region reached USD 800 billion,” he said on Tuesday (01/21/2014).

It is not only the distribution to the consumer, food and beverage manufacturers must also bear the losses due to the distribution of raw materials from the another region which also faltered.
For example, the transportation of fresh fruit and meat from Central Java, currently takes up to four days. Though, it usually takes only a half day. “Whereas within five days, the fresh raw materials will rot in about 50 percent” he said.

It hasn’t counted yet the losses because the factory could not be operated due to workers who could not get in because of flooding, or because there is no electricity supply due to outages by PLN in some areas.

Despite the losses is in sight, according to Adhi, manufacturers of foods and beverages will not raise their selling prices. Because this problem is only temporary.


Source:
http://www.caramudahbelajarbahasainggris.net/2014/01/3-contoh-artikel-bahasa-inggris-tentang-ekonomi-dan-bisnis-di-indonesia.html

• 5W1H

WHAT

What happened to the foods and beverage merchants?

The foods and beverages merchants lost their income until Rp 200 billion

WHO

Who is lost income?
The foods and baverages merchants

WHERE
Where this problem occurred?
This problem occurs in Jabodetabek

WHEN
When this problem occured?
This problem occured in January

WHY
Why this problem occured?
This problem occured because of bad weather that hit several regions in Indonesia

HOW
How to solve this problem?
Despite the losses is in sight, manufacturers of foods and beverages will not raise their selling prices because this problem is only temporary

• Comment

I think the problem who caused by bad weather like this can not be avoided. we must always be prepared for bad weather. I agree with the manufactures who not to raise prices of  their foods and beverages, because if it happens, only a few consumers are willing to buy their products.

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Direct and Indirect Speech, yang juga kita kenal dengan istilah lain yaitu Reported Speech. Direct Speect adalah kalimat yang diucapkan secara langsung oleh pembicara dan jika ditulis kalimat tersebut akan diberi tanda kutip. Sedangkan Indirect Speech adalah kalimat yang kita laporkan kepada orang lain secara tidak langsung dan tanpa diberi koma.

Contoh:

Reporting verb: Tono says,

Reported words ”I’m very good at English” 

Tense yang harus kita perhatikan dalam pola ini yaitu:

Direct Speech:

• Simple Present Tense
•  Present Continuous Tense
• Present Perfect Tense
• Present Perfect Continuous Tense
• Simple Past Tense
• Simple Future Tense
• Future Continouos Tense
• Conditional

Indirect Speech:

• Simple Past Tense
• Past Continuous Tense
• Past Perfect Tense
• Past Perfect Continuous Tense
• Past Perfect Tense
• Past Future Tense/Conditional
• Past Future Continuous Tense (Conditional Continuous)
• Conditional

Kalau reported speech berhubungan dengan kebenaran umum atau fakta yang sudah menjadi kebiasaan, present indefinite atau simple present dalam reported speech tidak diubah ke dalam bentuk lampau yang sesuai, melainkan tetap persis sebagaimana adanya,

Contoh :

He said, “The sun rises in the east” → He said that the sun rises in the east.

Perubahan Keterangan Waktu (Adverb Of Time) Yang Perlu Diperhatikan

Direct  :                                        Indirect :

Now                                              Then

Today                                            That day

Tonight                                           That night

This week                                       That week

Yesterday                                       The day before

The day before yesterday                Two days before

Last night                                        The night before

Last week/year                                The previous week/year

A year ago                                      A year before/The previous year

Three years ago                               Three years before

Tomorrow                                       The next day/The following day

The day after tomorrow                    In two day’s time/The following day

Next week/year                                The following week/year

On Sunday                                       On Sunday

Here                                                 There

This book                                         The book

This                                                  That

These                                               Those

Over there                                        Over there

Perubahan Kata Bantu (Auxiliaries) Yang Harus Diperhatikan

Can        →           Could

May       →           Might

Might     →           Might

Must      →           Would have to (kegiatan yang akan datang)/had to (keharusan yang biasa)

Contoh:

The man said, “I must mend the wall next week”

The man said that he would have to mend the wall the following week.

Pria itu mengatakan bahwa dia harus memperbaiki dinding minggu berikutnya.

The girl said, ” I must wash my hands before eating”

The girl said that she had to wash her hands before eating.

Gadis itu berkata bahwa dia harus mencuci tangannya sebelum makan.

Direct and Indirect Speech ada 3 macam:

1. Statement (Pernyataan) yang menggunakan “that”

He said, “we will go to Singapore tomorrow”

He said that they would go to Singapore the next day.

Bob said, ” I’m a university student”

Bob said that he was a university student.

2. Command (Perintah) menambahkan kata “to” sebagai penghubung kalimat melaporkan dengan yang dilaporkan. “not to” dalam perintah negatif.

He told me, “wait for me !”

He told me to wait for him.

She told me, “don’t cheat anymore !”

She told me not to cheat anymore.

3. Question (Pertanyaan) jika kalimat dari jenis “yes or no question”, maka bentuk laporannya menggunakan if atau whether.

Ina asked me, “Do you really love me?”

Ina asked me if/whether I really loved her.

Mixed type:

Contoh:

Anton asked me, “what’s happening to you ? You look so pale”

Anton asked me what was happening to me as I looked so pale.

Note : Past Tense kadang-kadang tidak berubah dalam percakapan.

CONTOH DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH :

D: She says to her friend, “ I have been reading “

I : She says to her friend that he has been reading

D : He will say, “ The girl wasn’t ugly “

I : He will tell them that the girl wasn’t ugly

D : Reza said, “ I’m very sleepy “

I : Reza said that he was very sleepy

D : He has told you, “ I am writing “

I : He has told you that he is writing

D : Mother said to her son, “ study hard “

I : Mothe advised her son to study hard

D : My friend said to me, “ I don’t like football “

I : My friend said to me that he didn’t like football

D : She said, “ I didn’t go to campus

I : She said that she hadn’t gone to campus this morning

D : Rikza says, “ I have seen that movies “

I : Rikza says that she has seen that movies

D : Mother asked her, “ Don’t go there alone “

I : Mother asked her not to go there alone

D : Father asked robi, “ Don’t smoke too much “

I : Father asked robi not to smoke too much

CONTOH PERCAKAPAN MENGGUNAKAN DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Elno      : I will see Gregor as soon as possible.

Harris    : What  did he tell you?

Brian     : He told me that he would see him soon.

Mom     : Don’t be so noisy, Ryan. The baby is sleeping

Ryan    : Okay, Mom.

Nicky    : Whad did your mother just tell you?

Ryan    : She told me not to be so noisy because the baby was sleeping.”

Teacher: Why was Krystal absent yesterday?

Jessica  : What did the teacher want to know, Sulli?

Sulli      : She wanted to know why Martini had been 

Ray        : Will you go to the movie with me tonight?

Marry    : What did he ask you?

Minzy    :  He asked me whether he would go to the movie with me that night.

Jordi       : Can you meet me tomorrow?

Ollie       : No, I can’t

Joey       : What did Jordi ask you?

Ollie       : He asked me if I could meet him the following day, but I said I couldn’t

Sumber: http://triicecsfabregas.blogspot.com/2012/03/direct-and-indirect-speech.html

Dialog

F: Hi Shafira! How are you? Long time no see.
S: Hey Fidia, long time no see. I'm fine, you?
F: Me too, but I see in your face, you're not feeling well. Are you sick?
S: No, I'm not sick Fidia. It's because the weather is so cold. I forget to bring jacket or wear sweater. Have you bring your jacket?
F: Yeah, I bring jacket and scraft yet I don't use my jacket. I don't feel too cold so I just use my scraft. By the way, you can use my jacket for warming your body.
S: Oh, thank you so much Fidia.
F: You're welcome.

Financial Management and Control

Financial Management and Control is a comprehensive system of internal controls put in place by and under the responsibility of budget user heads, which, by way of managing risks, provides reasonable assurance that budget and other resources will be used in a regular, ethical, economical, effective and efficient manner towards the achievement of objectives. This means that they will be used in keeping with laws and other regulations, safeguarding the assets and resources against loss, abuse and damage. 

In simpler terms, Financial Management and Control may be defined as a system which directs and controls the financial effects of budget user’s operations in a way that makes them supportive of the achievement of objectives. 

Financial Management and Control covers all business transactions, and especially those relative to:

• Revenue
• Expenditure
• Asset
• Commitments
• Tendering procedures and contracting
• Recoveries of unduly and illegally spent budget resources

Key persons who are accountable for the way the system of financial management and control functions and how efficiently include managers, especially the heads of budget users and heads of individual organisational units within the scope of their authorities and responsibilities. 

Those who are in charge of organising the operations, proposing and making decisions as the groundwork for conducting the activities need to be aware that they are accountable for:

• The manner in which the operations are being managed
• Financial effects arising from such operations
• Risks associated with such operations
• Control activities to be put in place and applied
• Ongoing monitoring of the management system and its timely updating

An organisational unit in charge of budget and finance shall be competent for coordinating the activities relative to financial management and control at budget user level. 

Coordination of activities related to financial management and control at the user level budget operationally is implemented by organisational units in charge of finance. 

This Units have task to supportt managers to assume management responsibilities for financial performance. 

Systems of financial management and control are founded upon five interrelated components of internal controls which are detailed in the methodological framework for the implementation of financial management and control which is an interal part of the Public Financial Management and control implementation Rulebook 

Methodological framework provides an overview of activities, methods and procedures of financial management and control. 

Within the methodological framework, budget users, taking into account numerous laws and regulations that govern specific areas of business, but also their specific characteristics and special features in the business, implement financial management and control. 

Source: http://www.mfin.hr/en/financial-management-and-control